Definition: A eunuch is a man who has been castrated, typically early enough in life to have major hormonal consequences. Eunuchs were often employed in certain roles in royal courts, harems, and religious institutions.
Etymology & Origin:
The term ‘eunuch’ likely derives from the Greek words ‘eu,’ meaning ‘good’ or ‘well,’ and ‘nous,’ meaning ‘mind,’ combined with ‘echein,’ meaning ‘to have.’ This interpretation suggests ‘one who has a good mind,’ as noted by the 5th-century lexicographer Orion of Thebes and supported by the Christian monk Nikon the Black Mountain. However, a more popular interpretation, especially in Byzantine times, is that it comes from ‘eune’ (bed) and ‘ekhein’ (to keep), indicating ‘keeper of the bed’ or ‘guardian of the bedchamber.’ This usage was solidified in the Byzantine Empire under the laws of Emperor Leo VI, who noted the role of eunuchs as trustworthy bedchamber guards.
Examples:
- Eunuchs played significant roles in the administration of Chinese and Ottoman empires, often holding considerable power and influence.
- The story of the Ethiopian eunuch in the Acts of the Apostles highlights the presence of eunuchs in biblical times.
- In ancient Rome, eunuchs were sometimes employed as servants and guards in noble households.
