Definition
An ocean is a vast body of saline water that covers approximately 71% of the Earth’s surface, divided into five major oceans: the Pacific, Atlantic, Indian, Southern (Antarctic), and Arctic Oceans. Oceans play a critical role in the Earth’s climate system, support a diverse range of marine life, and are key to global shipping routes and many economic activities.
Etymology and Origin
The word ocean comes from the Old French ocean, which in turn derives from the Latin Oceanus, referring to the ancient Greeks’ and Romans’ concept of the “great river” or sea that encircled the world. The Greek word ōkeanós (Ὠκεανός) referred to the body of water thought to surround the Earth’s disk. This concept has evolved from the notion of a singular encompassing water body to the current understanding of the interconnected system of Earth’s oceans, reflecting advancements in geography and oceanography.
